高二下學期英語教案
各個教學步驟教學環節的時間分配等等,都要經過周密考慮,精心設計而確定下來,體現著很強的計劃性。下面是小編給大家整理的高二下學期英語教案,僅供參考希望能夠幫助到大家。
高二下學期英語教案1
一、First–reading 采用自上而下模式,側重培養快速閱讀理解能力
“自上而下的模式”是哥德曼(Goodman)1971年提出的閱讀理論模式。這一理論反對把閱讀看成是對一系列詞句的知覺,認為閱讀者不必使用全部文本中的提示,他們在文章中挑選和選擇足夠的信息來作出預測,用他們自己的經驗和有關客觀世界的知識去驗證他們的預測。按這個模式,閱讀者在閱讀過程中不是逐字、逐句地去理解,而是結合自己的預測,在文章中找出有關的信息,來驗證自己的預測。該模式有利有弊,弊在對學生語言基礎知識的掌握不利,容易造成學生語言基本功不扎實。然而,由于強調整體篇章理解,在閱讀時采取跳躍式搜索、猜測等方法,所以有利于培養學生快速閱讀理解能力。
閱讀速度的培養是閱讀教學中一個重要的任務。目前,中學生閱讀能力在速度上與可能達到的指標相比普遍要低幾倍,甚至十幾倍。隨著信息時代的到來,人們急需盡快獲取各種信息資料,成倍提高工作效率與學習效果,培養學生的快速閱讀理解能力是實施英語素質教育的必然要求。然而,訓練學生閱讀速度必須建立在學生對文章內容處于陌生狀態的基礎上,因此,在學生初次接觸閱讀課文時,應該采用自上而下閱讀模式,不失時機地培養他們的快速閱讀習慣、快速閱讀理解能力。這一階段的教學設計主要如下:
1、引入題材。可采用設疑懸念、直觀導入、故事導入等引入方式。
2、進行快閱。可向學生介紹組讀法、察讀法、瀏讀法、略讀法、跳讀法等快速閱讀方法。
3、檢測理解。可采用問答題、判斷題、選擇題、做筆記、填圖表等檢測形式。
1) Which was the USA’s strongest earthquakes ?
2) How many people lost their lives and how many people lost their
homes in the 1906 earthquake ?
3) How many people lost their lives in the 1989 earthquake?
4) When the 1906 earthquake happened, how many metres did the Pacific
plate jump to the north ?
5) How many measures(措施) can we take in order to deal with
earthquakes ?
6) What is " The Big One"?
經過一讀課文及完成表層信息捕捉問題后,學生對文章有了膚淺的認識,閱讀速度也得到訓練。然而,閱讀包含兩個階段:一是辨認文字符號的感性認識階段;二是理解內容,吸收信息,創造性思維譯碼的理性認識階段。因此,二讀課文,加深文章的理解就顯得尤為必要了。
二、Second–reading 采用交互作用模式,側重培養閱讀理解綜合能力
語言心理學的圖式理論認為,閱讀過程是讀者通過視覺器官接受以文字符號形式輸入的外部代碼,再結合大腦中的內部代碼(即圖式)進行編解碼認知加工,從而理解并提取信息的過程。根據魯姆哈特(D·Rumelhart)1977年提出的交互作用模式,這個過程實際上也即是讀者大腦中自下而上與自上而下認知加工交互作用的過程。相互作用模式(the interactive model)也可稱為圖式理論模式(the schema theory model)。按圖式閱讀理論,讀者的閱讀能力由三種圖式決定:語言圖式、內容圖式和形式圖式。
語言圖式是指讀者對構成閱讀材料的語言的掌握程度。內容圖式是指讀者對文章所討論的主題的熟悉程度。形式圖式是指讀者對文章的體裁的了解程度。在閱讀過程中,讀者大腦中的這三種圖式與文章的語言、內容和形式相互作用,其結果決定了讀者對文章的理解程度。
閱讀的關鍵在于理解,尤其是深層理解。交互作用模式對提高學生的英語閱讀綜合能力能起關鍵的作用。借助形式圖式模式,教師可引導學生弄清文章的文體思路,了解各種不同體裁的課文的結構特點。例如教"Earthquakes" 時引導學生歸納出文體思路是accidents--- causes --- solutions---- prediction。
借助文章體裁結構幫助理解文章實際上也是一種閱讀策略,同時也有助于學生下一階段完成重建語篇的表達訓練。借助內容圖式,教師可啟發學生尋找或利用文章上下文線索去激活自己大腦中相應的背景知識內容圖式。例如教“Earthquakes”時引導學生回憶“板塊學說”(plate tectonics)相關內容,將文章內容與大腦中的相關信息聯系起來有助于學生更深刻理解文章的細節內容、中心思想、作者的寫作態度、寫作意圖及文章的“弦外之音”。語言圖式在閱讀理解中起著基礎的作用,沒有語言圖式,內容圖式和形式圖式就發揮不了作用。
教師應結合課文內容提高學生識別文章中詞、短語和句子的能力。例如教“Earthquakes”時引導學生理解“shook”、“jumped”、“stay up”等在文章中的意思。這樣做,學生讀懂文章的能力才會逐步提高,下一階段進行語言知識的學習和應用才會有基礎。總之,綜合利用形式圖式、內容圖式、語言圖式來指導二讀課文,對提高學生閱讀綜合能力是必不可少的。這一階段的教學設計主要如下:
1、細讀課文。可采用全文閱讀,逐段閱讀,合段閱讀等閱讀方式。
2、檢測理解。可采用問答題、判斷題、討論題、選擇題等檢測形式。
3、閱讀析評。可采用學生發言、教師總結或師生一起討論歸納等雙邊活動形式。
1) What do the first three paragraphs talk about ?
2) What does the writer try to explain in the last paragraph of Lesson 26 ?
3) What does the writer intend to do in the first paragraph of Lesson 27 ?
4) Why does the writer mention "The Big One" ?
5) If we compare the 1986 earthquake with the 1989 earthquake, what can we find ?
6) If the 1989 earthquake had happened in the centre of town, what would have happened?
7) Why can’t we stop earthquakes ?
8) Do you think that San Francisco is now in danger ? Why ?
9) How does the writer make each paragraph of the two lessons coherent (連貫的) ?
10) What have you learned from the lessons ?
經過二讀課文及完成一些深層閱讀理解問題后,學生對文章有了深刻的理解,吸收信息或利用所獲得信息來分析問題和解決問題的能力也得到培養。閱讀吸收信息, 吸收是為了表達。因此,教學活動的設計不應只停留在輸入的層次上,應該使語言輸入(聽與讀)和語言輸出(說與寫)之間產生一種平衡。運用所學語言知識以及題材信息重建語篇、提高學生語言表達能力勢在必行。
三、Post–-reading 采用自下而上模式,側重培養知識綜合運用能力
自下而上模式是指閱讀者在閱讀過程中從最小的單位——字母和單詞(從底或下層)識別開始,逐步弄懂(在頂或上層)較大的語言單位——短語、分句、句子和語篇的意義。按照這個模式去理解閱讀過程,教師在教授閱讀課時主要任務就是幫助學生解決語言上的障礙,即弄清詞、短語和句子的意義。
由此看來,閱讀課教學既是一門閱讀課,也是一門語言課。隨著學生對課文理解的深化,教師必須提高學生對語言知識的掌握程度。閱讀理解的問題,說到底就是語言方面的問題。所以,通過閱讀,可以學習語言知識,通過學習語言知識,有助于提高閱讀能力。閱讀能力與語言學習,兩者相輔相成、密切關系。
另外,中學英語大綱規定,在英語教學中要努力使基礎知識轉化為言語技能,并發展成運用英語進行交際的能力。為此,在完成二讀課文之后采用自下而上模式深化語言知識的學習與運用則是提高學生閱讀能力和語言表達能力的必然要求。這一階段的教學設計主要如下:
1、歸納知識。可引導學生按語言單位來分類歸納;也可按段落順序或情節內容來歸納排列。
2、深化知識。可介紹一詞多義、詞與詞區別、長句分析和邏輯紐帶等拓展性知識。
3、運用知識。口頭上可采用命題發言、口述大意、復述課文、話題討論等準交際或交際練習形式;筆頭上可采用改寫、縮寫、書面表達等準交際或交際練習形式。
1) Why do you think San Francisco are easily shaken by earthquakes ?
2) Give a speech on what we should do in order to deal with earthquakes.
3) Write a passage to report the 1989 earthquake in San Francisco.
4) Write a short article on the 1999 earthquake in Taiwan.
實踐證明,把閱讀課教學活動分成三個階段,不同閱讀活動階段采用不同閱讀理論模式以實現閱讀課教學的最終目的這是非常必要的,也是非常恰當的。這種做法有以下主要特點:
1、它使學生的綜合能力得到了訓練。
在認知能力方面,快速閱讀理解訓練促使學生的觀察力、注意力、記憶力高度集中;深層閱讀理解訓練使學生思維能力、想象力得到發展。在語言能力方面,各個階段中閱讀理解問題的解決使學生的聽說、讀寫能力得到全面培養,尤其是閱讀理解能力更得到了充分發展。在交往能力方面,同學們在老師引導下,在交流與討論中相互合作、相互溝通,最后得出認識比較統一的答案。在這一過程中,學生的相互溝通能力、協調合作能力、凝聚力自然也就得到了培養。另外,通過重建語篇訓練,學生的創造能力也將得到培養。
2、它體現了素質教育的基本要求。
在素質教育的全體性方面,由淺入深,由易到難,由表及里的閱讀理解練習能給不同程度的同學提供體驗成功樂趣的機會,能調動全體學生參與的積極性。在素質教育的整體性方面,這種教學設計主張適應各類體裁的閱讀課文,挖掘文章的內涵和主旨,使各種有用信息滲透到英語教學之中;整個過程始終貫穿著培養學生的各方面能力,全方位開發學生的潛能。在素質教育的主體性方面,這種教學設計克服傳統的教師講、學生記的弊病,學生在教師引導下學會思考、學會分析、學會發現,學會表達,真正發揮了學生的主體作用和教師主導作用。
3、它有利于學生逐步完善自己的認知結構。
所謂認知(Cognition)就是通過學習過程的感知、領悟、推理及轉化,從而實現對學習信息的了解、發現、知曉和理解。所謂認知結構就是學習者頭腦里的知識信息網絡結構,即已有的全部觀念的內容及組織結構。從整個教學設計來看,它將學習內容有序地組織起來,并進一步內化形成新的知識結構,符合學生的認知規律。
閱讀是一個綜合過程,能力的提高更是一個循序漸進的過程。為此,不同年級應有不同閱讀達標要求,課堂上各階段的閱讀理解訓練也應隨之有所側重。總之,教師若能結合學生的認知水平,合理、靈活地把上述教學設計運用于閱讀課文教學中,高中英語閱讀教學目標是完全能夠實現的。
高二下學期英語教案2
教學目標:
一) 認知目標
1.句型和語言點(見教學重點)。
2.用所學的知識與伙伴進行交流、溝通,學會改錯、寫作。
二)情感目標
利用多媒體手段營造積極和諧教學氛圍,使學生不自覺地進入情景之中,充分調動學生的思維活動和情感體驗,引起學生的共鳴。
三)智力目標
在運用語言的過程中培養學生的觀察力、分析力、想象力和自學能力,幫 助學生加強記憶力,提高思維能力和運用英語的綜合能力,激發創造能力。
教材分析:
這是高三復習階段的一節寫作課。這節書面表達課就從審題謀篇等方面入手來完成教學目的,側重于引導學生在把握書面表達的寫作前準備即謀篇審題能力,使學生在動手寫作前迅速構思按照規范的模式來完成謀篇審題:在教學中不僅僅強調寫,對于與寫作緊密聯系的聽、說、讀、改錯都有兼顧。采用任務型教學法和小組合作探究學習法,從而激發學生的學習興趣,同時也能擴大課堂的語料輸入量及學生的語言輸出量。
教學重點:
1. 學會審題和謀篇
2. 掌握多樣化的表達方式
3. 熟練各段中的固定寫作套路
教學難點:
1. 如何幫助學生運用寫作策略,促進學生自主寫作。
2. 使學生了解謀篇的重要性,培養謀篇的能力和習慣。
教學方法:
1、活動教學法:
2、任務型教學法:
教學設計:
Step 1. Warming up
Come up with some proverbs for the students to put them into Chinese.
Recitation is of the first importance in any language learning!
Practice makes perfect! …
What do you learn from the above proverbs?
Step 2. Presentation
Make it clear to the students the importance of writing in English subject of the college entrance exams and then the goals of this lesson.
Step 3. Exhibition
Show on the whiteboard a writing.
高二下學期英語教案3
UNIT4 ENGLISH POETRY
縣三中 覃巧
Time: October 21 ,2010
Class: Class 1,Grade 2
Teaching Aims:
1. Train the students’ reading ability
2. Learn more about English poetry through the passage
Teaching important and difficult point:
How to help the students improve their reading ability and understand the text better.
Teaching methods:
1. Discussion 2.Fast reading 3. Careful reading
Teaching aid: Computer
Teaching Procedures:
StepI Greetings and Duty report
StepII Lead—in
1. Play a Chinese poem for students and then ask students to think about
the Chinese poets who the students have known.
2. Use five minutes to discuss them with students together.
StepIII Read the new words of this unit
Step IV Reading1. Play the Mp3 of the text and ask students to read the text
quickly .Then find out how many English poets are mentioned in the passage? Who are they ?
2. Read the passage again carefully and then do the exercises on the
screen.
3. Ask some students to give their answers.
Step V Summery
Step VI Homework
1. Ask the students to the text as much as possible and then pay
attention to the new words in the text.
2. Find out the answers what do the words in bold refer to in the
passage.
高二下學期英語教案4
教學目標 1. think more ab out the relationship between science and nature.
2. describe some items and atmosphere with scien tific terms.
3. express their opinions on cloned animals and humans as well.
4. develop an interest in doing more reading and research on the topic.
教學重點 Words , phrases and sentence patterns
教學難點 Practical usage
教具 Blackboard , slides and handouts
教學內容 教法學法
Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Lead in (PPT 4-7)
Play a dialogue about height-increasing operations and ask students to fill in the blanks. After checking the answers, allow some time for students to freely express their opinions on height-increasing operations, thus introduce the major topic “science versus nature”。
[Explanation]
用一段有關增高術的聽力引入 主題,主要是考慮到這一切入點與實際生活較為貼近,比較容易讓學生有話說,作為人類利用科學對自然的東西做出改變的一個典型例子可以順其自然得引入本課主題。
Step 2 Science versus nature (PPT 8)
1. Explain the word “versus” ( Two sides are against each other)
2. Brainstorming. Ask students to think of other cases in which science goes against nature? The teacher can introduce some new vocabulary like GM food and plastic surgery which might be useful in later teaching. Show some pictures to help them better understand these things.
Suggested answers: GM food, cloning, dams, artificial rainfall, organ transplant, air-conditioner, cloud seeding, plastic surgery, euthanasia, etc.
3. Allow students some time to have a light discussion on advantages and disadvantages of any of the above cases.
4. In terms of science versus nature, what do you think the relationship between science and nature should be like?
(Both advance in harmony)
[Explanation]
本節將主題定位在“科學對抗自然”,讓學生了解了這一關系后,用頭腦風暴的形式讓學生從增高術聯想起更多的現實生活中能體現這一關系的案例,如轉基因食品,人工雨等。
Step 3 Cloning (PPT 9-11)
1. Display pictures of Dolly and normal sheep on the screen. Tell them Dolly is a cloned sheep. But it looks no different from normal sheep. Show more pictures of cloned animals ( cloned calves, pigs, monkey and mule). Their names can be introduced here, which might arouse students’ more interest.
2. Introduce the concept of “copy”. Ask the students to think about this question: Are cloned animals exactly the same as the “mother animals”?
(They may have the same appearance but their physical qualities can be very different. Many cloned animals died at a much younger age than average.)
3. Interview one student about his feeling towards cloned animals by asking the following three questions: 1) If you happen to have a cloned cat, how would you feel? (excited) 2) What if another cat with the same appearance comes to you? (surprised and more excited) 3) What if more cats with the same appearance come to you? (shoc ked and scared)xkb1.com
4. Interview another student about his feeling towards a “cloned him”. Then ask the other students if they would like to see a “cloned him” and why.
5. Girls versus boys. Ask students to have a 2-minute debate on whether it would be a good idea to clone humans some day.
[Explanation]
本節將討論的重點轉向克隆。通過圖片展示的方式讓學生對克隆動物有個感性的認識,并引進“拷貝”的概念,與第二課時的閱讀標題形成呼應。
Step 4 Summary (PPT 12)
Give a brief summary of their debate. Point out any possible problems in their debate like the lack of ideas and supporting points. Tell students that you will read m ore about cloning in the following period and will have a further discussion.
[Explanation]
對學生的辯論進行簡短的評價,一是評價學生的表現,二是讓學生產生更多的興趣去閱讀,并且閱讀的目的性更明確,從而能夠保證閱讀的成效。
高二下學期英語教案5
教學目標
本單元對話課復習了有關問路及應答用語,要求學生用所學語言自編對話描述所在學校、區域或城市;
本單元介紹了美國的迪斯尼樂園及其創始人Walt Disney艱苦創業的生活經歷。通過本單元教學,要求學生掌握迪斯尼樂園的概況,并可根據提示復述沃爾特?迪斯尼奮斗的生活簡歷。引導學生意識到只有通過自身的努力,艱苦奮斗,才能收獲成功的道理。同時,設計問答練習,提高學生閱讀能力。
作為高二的起始單元,此處復習了賓語從句的用法,通過課文閱讀,完成練習冊后練習,學生需熟練掌握此語言項目,并準確運用到口頭及書面表達中。
對話教學建議
Step 1聽錄音
教師放對話錄音,放完兩遍之后,教師根據對話內容提出一些問題。
1.What were they talking about ?
2.How to answer the first /second/third/forth/fifth visitor question?
Step 2 練習
組織學生五個人一組,練習對話三至五分鐘。教師請幾組同學到前面表演。
Step 3改寫
將對話內容改寫為一篇短文,要求學生用本課的地點名稱如:
Sleeping Beauty Castle , Bear Country, Horse-drawn streetcars, the Tomorrow Land Building
比如:Carl is answering visitors’ questions. The first visitor asks Carl the way to the Sleeping Beauty Castle….
Step 4 討論
If you are visitor, How to ask the way to the stranger at first?
Step 5總結
教師提問學生們,歸納和總結對話用語。
Asking:
Where is …...
How can I get to…
Which is the way to…
Could you tell me if…
Could you tell me the way to…
Answering:
Go straight ahead…
It’s behind …/in frond of/
Go down this street…
教材分析
本課的日常用語用語是有關對話asking the way and responses,這樣的問路用語在初中都以學過,所以對話不在是個難點。本課的兩篇閱讀文章是有關人物,沃爾特·迪斯尼。難點在于第一篇是了解他的生活經歷和艱苦創業。第二篇是我們眾所周知的Disneyland,兩篇文章結合著學過的語法知識賓語從句在里面,這也不是學生們所要了解的重點。
詞語講解
1.bring on 引起;使...前進;把...端上來(如飯菜等)
1) Ill bring on the beef in a minute.我一會就端上來牛排。
2) The fine weather is bringing the crops on nicely. 好天氣使農作物長得很好。(使發展或進步 )
3) He was caught in the rain and this brought on a bad cold.(引起;導致)他被雨淋了,導致了一場重感冒。
bring on 使發生;
bring in 引來;引進;吸收
bring out 取出;說出;闡明;出版
1) The first dish that was brought on was bean-soup.
2) The sudden cold weather brought on his cold again.
3) His new business brings in 1,000 dollars a month.
4) We also brought in some words from English, such as tank and so on.
5) Bring out the meaning more clearly.
6) They have brought out a set of childrens books.
2.You can see as far as the coast.
as far as 遠到;到...為止;常用來在句中加重語氣
Every day, the old man walks as far as the Summer Palace. 他一直走到頤和園 as/so far as (連詞) 就...而言
As far as I know, what you said cant possibly happen.就我所知你所說的事情是不可能發生的。
so far 到目前為止,常用在完成時態中
I havent got the invitation so far.到目前為止,我還沒有得到邀請。
3.One day he remembered the mouse that used to come out in his fathers
garage
used to do sth.
ju:st
1) My friend used to write to me, but now she prefers sending e-mails.
be used to do sth. 被用來做
ju:zd
1)The house was used to keep books two years ago.
2)Elephants are used to carry things.
be/get used to doing/sth.
ju:st
1) I have been used to living in this area.
I have got used to living in this area.
2) I came to Beijing 10 years ago, and Ive got used to the weather here.
4.Go through the gate and youll find the entrance. = If you go through the gate, youll find the entrance. / Go through the gate, or you wont find the entrance.
注意連詞的位置,而且每個復合句中只能有一個連詞,不要在一個句子中重復連詞。
1) Use your brain and youll find a way.
2) If you study hard, youll surely make progress.
3) Hurry up! Or well miss the last train.
語法講解
賓語從句
I. 賓語從句 即在復合句中作主句的(及物動詞或介詞)賓語。賓語從句通常由連接代詞或副詞引導;可分為四類:
1.由 that引導的賓語從句(that沒有任何意義,在從句中不充當任何成分,在口語和非正式文體中常可以省略):
I thought (that)the food was rather expensive.
Mother knows (that) Jim will work hard.
2. 由 if /whether“是否” 引導的賓語從句:
I wonder if/whether it was Disney who made the first cartoons.
Could you tell me if/whether Mr. Black lives here?
3. 由 what, why, when, where, who, which, whose, whom, how 等 wh- 類連接代詞或副詞引導的賓語從句:
Can anyone fail to see what kind of show they are putting on?
Please tell me which class you are in?
He asked me whom I was waiting for.
The stranger doesn’t know when the ship arrives.
I didn’t understand why the boy had so many questions.
Please ask the teacher how we get to the place.
4.由關系代詞型what 等代詞引導的賓語從句:
We always mean what we say.
I will try to make up what I have missed.
I’ll give you whatever help you need.
I’ll read whichever book you recommend
II.使用賓語從句應注意的幾個問題
1.連接代詞或副詞的使用。連接代詞或副詞的使用是由句子的意義決定的(這是高考的重點)。
A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do.
--“Doesn’t Helen live on this street?”
--“No. This is where Leon lives.”
2. 賓語從句的語序。無論是連接代詞還是連接副詞引導的賓語從句的 語序都應是陳述句的語序。
She asked the boys if they had white hats.
I don’t remember when we arrived.
Do you know which class he is in?
3. 時態的呼應。分以下三種情況考慮:
1) 主句的謂語動詞是過去時態時,從句的時態也應是過去的某種時態。
He answered (that) he was listening to me.
Lily told us (that) she was born in May, 1980.
2) 主句的謂語動詞是過去時態時,從句所敘述的是客觀真理、格言時,從句時態無需改變,仍用一般現在時。
The teacher said that (that) the earth goes around the sun.
Father told me that practice makes perfect.
2)主句的謂語動詞是現在時或將來時,從句的時態不受限制。根據實情,可使用任何所需時態。
He says he will be back in an hour.
They know Jim is working hard.
4.形容詞后的賓語從句。
常可跟賓語從句的形容詞有:afraid, glad, sure, happy, pleased, surprised, sorry 等等。
She is afraid that Jim will forget his Chinese.
I’m sure that he will succeed.